Sample Description USGS Spectral Library Version 7

USGS Spectral Library Version 7 Sample Description

Kokaly, R.F., Clark, R.N., Swayze, G.A., Livo, K.E., Hoefen, T.M., Pearson, N.C., Wise, R.A., Benzel, W.M., Lowers, H.A., Driscoll, R.L., and Klein, A.J., 2017, USGS Spectral Library Version 7: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 1035, 61 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds1035
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TITLE: Vermiculite+ wt%amph. GDS DESCRIPT

DOCUMENTATION_FORMAT: Man_Made

SAMPLE_ID: GDS327, GDS451, GDS454

MATERIAL_TYPE: Expanded Phyllosilicates plus amphibole

MATERIAL: Expanded Vermiculite Ore + fibrous Libby, Mt amphobile

FORMULA: (Mg,Fe2+,Al)3(Si,Al)4O10(OH)2.4H2O plus Na2Ca(Mg,Fe2+,Mn,Fe3+,Al)5(Si8O22)(OH,F)2

FORMULA_HTML: (Mg,Fe²⁺,Al)₃(Si,Al)₄O₁₀(OH)₂^.4H₂O plus Na₂Ca(Mg,Fe²⁺,Mn,Fe³⁺,Al)₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH,F)₂

COLLECTION_LOCALITY: Fibrous amphibole from Libby, MT

COLLECTION_LATITUDE: Not Available # degrees and decimal minutes (N or S)

COLLECTION_LONGITUDE: Not Available # degrees and decimal minutes (W or E)

DATUM: Not Available # coordinate datum

ORIGINAL_DONOR:

CURRENT_SAMPLE_LOCATION: USGS Denver, CO

ULTIMATE_SAMPLE_LOCATION: USGS Denver, CO

SAMPLE_DESCRIPTION:

Samples were prepared mixtures of Scotts expanded verimculite (GDS327) plus fibrous Libby amphibole in 0 wt%, 1wt%, and 5wt% increments. Samples were well mixed. Added amphibole was finely ground prior to mixing.

IMAGE_OF_SAMPLE: Not Available

END_SAMPLE_DESCRIPTION.

XRD_ANALYSIS:

Rietveld refinement XRD analysis of GDS327 expanded vermiculite's (limited quantities of sample and no internal standard) Cincinnati Method sink fraction indicates the presence of major diopside and tridymite, minor calcite and quartz (Fig. GDS327.XRD.2). Qualitative XRD analysis of the bulk sample indicates the presence of hyrobiotite, vermiculite, phlogopite, and biotite (Fig. GDS327.XRD.3). Figures GDS327.XRD.5 to 10 show XRD analyses for this Scotts sample mixed with amphibole (GDS328) from Libby, Montana.

END_XRD_ANALYSIS.

COMPOSITIONAL_ANALYSIS_TYPE: None

COMPOSITION_TRACE: None

COMPOSITION_DISCUSSION:

See the DESCRIPT page for GDS327 for compositional information on that vermiculite sample.

END_COMPOSITION_DISCUSSION.

MICROSCOPIC_EXAMINATION:

END_MICROSCOPIC_EXAMINATION.

SPECTROSCOPIC_DISCUSSION:

All three spectra essentially resemble that of the GDS327 expanded vermiculite insulation that is a mixture of mostly Palabora vermiculite from South Africa with a minor amount of vermiculite from Enoree, South Carolina. Any changes due to added amphibole are difficult to detect without resorting to doing band ratios (e.g., 1.41/1.42 micron band depth).

END_SPECTROSCOPIC_DISCUSSION.

SPECTRAL_PURITY: 1b2_3_4_ # 1= 0.2-3, 2= 1.5-6, 3= 6-25, 4= 20-150 microns