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DOCUMENTATION_FORMAT: VOLATILE
SAMPLE_ID: Peptidogylcan SA-69554
MATERIAL_TYPE: Sugar-amino polymer; Bacterial cell wall component
MATERIAL: Peptidogylcan
FORMULA: Chain of alternating amino sugars, N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic acid
FORMULA_HTML: Chain of alternating amino sugars, N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic acid
COLLECTION_LOCALITY: Purchased from Sigma Aldrich chemistry
COLLECTION_LATITUDE: Not Available # degrees and decimal minutes (N or S)
COLLECTION_LONGITUDE: Not Available # degrees and decimal minutes (W or E)
DATUM: Not Available # coordinate datum
ORIGINAL_DONOR: Raymond F. Kokaly
CURRENT_SAMPLE_LOCATION: USGS Spectroscopy Lab, Denver, CO
ULTIMATE_SAMPLE_LOCATION: USGS Spectroscpy Lab, Denver, CO
SAMPLE_DESCRIPTION:
Sample of tan powder.
Other Names: Murein
MDL #: MFCD00212486
Product #: 69554
Most bacteria have a cell wall containing the polymer peptidoglycan. Its basic structure is a glycan carbohydrate backbone of alternating units of N-acetyl glucosamine and N-acetyl muramic acid. Muramic acid acts as the linking substance between peptides and sugars through an amide bond at the carboxyl group of the D-lactic acid ether at C-3. The terminal peptide is D-alanine although other amino acids are present as D- isomers.
Over the cell membrane is a shift of peptidoglycan and other polymers including teichoic and teichuronic acids. The peptidoglycan gives a certain rigidity to the cell wall and gives the cell mechanical strength. There may be up to 40 layers of this polymer, conferring enormous mechanical strength on the cell wall. The bacterial cell wall is a unique biopolymer, it contains both D- and L-amino acids. This is the only known biological molecule that contains D-amino acids and it is the target of numerous antibacterial antibiotics e.g. pencillin. The cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria is largely made up of pepidoglycan.
IMAGE_OF_SAMPLE: Not Available
END_SAMPLE_DESCRIPTION.
XRD_ANALYSIS:
END_XRD_ANALYSIS.
COMPOSITIONAL_ANALYSIS_TYPE: Analysis done by Sigma Aldrich, The Certificate of Analysis can be found on the Sigma Aldrich Website using the Product and Lot Numbers.
COMPOSITION_TRACE: None
COMPOSITION_DISCUSSION:
END_COMPOSITION_DISCUSSION.
MICROSCOPIC_EXAMINATION:
END_MICROSCOPIC_EXAMINATION.
SPECTROSCOPIC_DISCUSSION:
END_SPECTROSCOPIC_DISCUSSION.
SPECTRAL_PURITY: 1a2a3_4_ # 1= 0.2-3, 2= 1.5-6, 3= 6-25, 4= 20-150 microns