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DOCUMENTATION_FORMAT: PLANT
SAMPLE_ID: CRMS121v28
PLANT_TYPE: Mixed wetland species
PLANT: Chairmaker's bulrush, saltmeadow cordgrass, and wand lythrum
LATIN_NAME: Schoenoplectus americanus (Pers.) Volk. ex Schinz & R.Keller, Spartina patens (Ait.) Muhl, and Lythrum lineare L.
COLLECTION_LOCALITY: Coastwide Reference Monitoring System (CRMS) site 121 subplot v28. CRMS121 is located in southern Louisiana, approximately 37 kilometers southeast of New Orleans, Louisiana,in the western part of the Breton Sound hydrologic basin on the coast of the Gulf of Mexico.
COLLECTION_LATITUDE: 29.693955 deg. N
COLLECTION_LONGITUDE: 89.819528 deg. W
DATUM: NAD83
ORIGINAL_DONOR: Raymond F. Kokaly, USGS
SAMPLE_DESCRIPTION:
This spectrum is the average reflectance for a 2x2 m area of marsh covered by mixed species as detailed in the site vegetation description.
Collection Date
08-Jun-2010
Site Vegetation Description
The total vegetation cover on this site was 55%. The average height of herbaceous vegetation was 89 cm. The following table shows the percent cover by cover category:
Cover Category, Sub-Category Cover (%) _____________________________ ____________________________ Vegetation, Total Cover 55 Vegetation, Tree 0 Vegetation, Shrub 0 Vegetation, Grass 55 Vegetation, Forb 1 Non-vegetation, Total Cover 45 Non-vegetation, Litter 15 Non-vegetation, Bare 15 Non-vegetation, Water 15 Non-vegetation, Other 0 _____________________________ ____________________________
The following table shows the cover by shrub species in the plot:
Shrub Species Cover (%) _____________________________________ ____________ Baccharis halimifolia L. solitary _____________________________________ ____________
The following table shows the cover by grass species in the plot:
Grass Species Cover (%) ___________________________________________________________________ _____________ Schoenoplectus americanus (Pers.) Volk. ex Schinz & R.Keller 45 Spartina patens (Ait.) Muhl 10 ___________________________________________________________________ _____________
The following table shows the cover by forb species in the plot:
Forb Species Cover (%) ____________________________________________ _____________ Lythrum lineare L. 1 Polygonum punctatum Ell. <1 Eupatorium capillifolium (Lam.) Small solitary ____________________________________________ _____________
Field Observations
Unvegetated surface = 45% Water Level is 0.09 ft above marsh. Unvegetated Surface is bare ground and dead vegetation.
Site Classification
The area has been predominantly classified as intermediate marsh (see http://lacoast.gov/crms2/home.aspx).
Plot Location, Dimensions, and Vegetation Sampling
The coordinates of the southeast corner of the 2x2 m plot are 29.693955 N, 89.819528 W (in decimal degrees, datum is NAD83).
Within the plot, vegetation species were identified and the percent cover of each species was visually estimated.
Spectral Measurement and Processing Methods
This spectrum is the average of 20 spectral measurements recorded throughout the plot.
These spectra were collected using an ASD Field Spectrometer 3 (FS3) in reflectance mode, relative to a Spectralon reference panel.
While walking on the edges of the plot, the fiber optic cable was pointed at nadir (straight down) at approximately shoulder height.
The instrument was programmed to record 6 second averages of reflectance (thus, each recorded spectrum was an average of 60 individual measurements).
The average spectrum was converted to absolute reflectance by multiplying by the reflectance spectrum of the Spectralon reference panel.
The following channels were deleted from the spectrum (set to a value of -1.23e+34) because of atmospheric contamination or high levels of noise:
410-420, 768-796, 1002-1100, 1447-1622, 1651-1669, and 2077-2151 corresponding to wavelengths
0.759-0.769, 1.117-1.145, 1.351-1.449, 1.796-1.971, 2.000-2.018, and 2.426-2.500
General Site Description
The plot is located in southern Louisiana, approximately 37 kilometers southeast of New Orleans, Louisiana.
It is in the western part of the Breton Sound hydrologic basin on the coast of the Gulf of Mexico.
For additional information on the CRMS site see http://lacoast.gov/crms2/home.aspx
Project Background
This site was measured as part of joint work between the USGS Denver Spectroscopy Laboratory and the
Coastal Restoration Assessment Branch of the USGS National Wetlands Research Center, Baton Rouge.
This spectrum was used in the following publication:
Kokaly, R.F., Couvillion, B.R., Holloway, J.M., Roberts, D.A., Ustin, S.L., Peterson, S.H., Khanna, S., and Piazza, S.C., 2013,
Spectroscopic remote sensing of the distribution and persistence of oil from the Deepwater Horizon spill in Barataria Bay marshes,
Remote Sensing of Environment, Volume 129, Pages 210-230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2012.10.028
IMAGE_OF_SAMPLE: in the site layout diagram, the subplot location is indicated by the matching number within the parentheses
END_SAMPLE_DESCRIPTION.
COMPOSITIONAL_ANALYSIS_TYPE: None
COMPOSITION_DISCUSSION:
END_COMPOSITION_DISCUSSION.
TRACE_ELEMENT_ANALYSIS:
TRACE_ELEMENT_DISCUSSION:
END_TRACE_ELEMENT_DISCUSSION.
SPECTROSCOPIC_DISCUSSION:
END_SPECTROSCOPIC_DISCUSSION.
SPECTRAL_PURITY: 1a2_3_4_ # 1= 0.2-3, 2= 1.5-6, 3= 6-25, 4= 20-150 microns