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USGS Spectral Library Version 7 Sample Description

Kokaly, R.F., Clark, R.N., Swayze, G.A., Livo, K.E., Hoefen, T.M., Pearson, N.C., Wise, R.A., Benzel, W.M., Lowers, H.A., Driscoll, R.L., and Klein, A.J., 2017, USGS Spectral Library Version 7: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 1035, 61 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds1035
For more information on the library, see: local link web link

TITLE: Malachite HS254 DESCRIPT

DOCUMENTATION_FORMAT: MINERAL

SAMPLE_ID: HS254.1B, HS254.2B, HS254.3B, HS254.4B

MINERAL_TYPE: Carbonate

MINERAL: Malachite

FORMULA: Cu2CO3(OH)2

FORMULA_HTML: Cu2CO3(OH)2

COLLECTION_LOCALITY: Bisbee, Arizona

ORIGINAL_DONOR: Hunt and Salisbury Collection

CURRENT_SAMPLE_LOCATION: USGS Denver Spectroscopy Laboratory

ULTIMATE_SAMPLE_LOCATION: USGS Denver Spectroscopy Laboratory

SAMPLE_DESCRIPTION:

Original spectrum published in: Hunt, G.R., J.W. Salisbury, 1971, Visible and near-infrared spectra of minerals and rocks: II. Carbonates. Modern Geology, v. 2, p. 23-30.

With the following notes: "Malachite, CuCO3•Cu(OH)2, like azurite is a basic carbonate of copper. More common than azurite, it is still only a minor ore of copper, occurring as a secondary mineral in the upper oxidized zone of copper deposits. This particular sample appears to be relatively pure."

"Like azurite, malachite presents an atypical carbonate ion spectrum. Apart from the broad 0.8µm band and the short wavelength fall-off below 0.52µm, due to electronic transitions in the Cu2+ ion, only 3 bands are present. By analogy with the spectrum of pure CuCO3, we assign all three at 2.29, 2.37 and 2.52µm to the CO3" radical. Some contribution to the 2.37µm band may come from OH', but no other hydroxyl bands are visible in the spectrum, a circumstance for which we have no explanation."

Grain size fractions are indicated by the extension after the sample number:
.1B = <5 µm
.2B = <74 µm
.3B = 74-250 µm
.4B = 250-1200 µm

IMAGE_OF_SAMPLE:
Photo of sample

END_SAMPLE_DESCRIPTION.

XRD_ANALYSIS:

Malachite - major component
Possibility of some Mcguinnessite cannot be ruled out
Trace of undetermined phase

Konnert, Judith and Marta Flohr, 1992, unpublished data, USGS Reston, VA.

END_XRD_ANALYSIS.

COMPOSITIONAL_ANALYSIS_TYPE: None # XRF, EPMA, ICP(Trace), WChem
COMPOSITION_TRACE:

COMPOSITION_DISCUSSION:

None.

END_COMPOSITION_DISCUSSION.

MICROSCOPIC_EXAMINATION:

END_MICROSCOPIC_EXAMINATION.

SPECTROSCOPIC_DISCUSSION:

END_SPECTROSCOPIC_DISCUSSION.

SPECTRAL_PURITY: 1b2_3_4_ # HS254.1B # 1= 0.2-3, 2= 1.5-6, 3= 6-25, 4= 20-150 microns
SPECTRAL_PURITY: 1b2_3_4_ # HS254.2B # 1= 0.2-3, 2= 1.5-6, 3= 6-25, 4= 20-150 microns
SPECTRAL_PURITY: 1b2b3b4_ # HS254.3B # 1= 0.2-3, 2= 1.5-6, 3= 6-25, 4= 20-150 microns
SPECTRAL_PURITY: 1b2_3_4_ # HS254.4B # 1= 0.2-3, 2= 1.5-6, 3= 6-25, 4= 20-150 microns