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DOCUMENTATION_FORMAT: PLANT
SAMPLE_ID: CA01-PISA-3
PLANT_TYPE: Pine tree, Coniferous evergreen
PLANT: Gray Pine, also known as California foothill pine
LATIN_NAME: Pinus sabiniana Douglas ex Douglas
COLLECTION_LOCALITY: Flagstaff Hill, in El Dorado county, approximately 42 km northeast of Sacramento, California
COLLECTION_LATITUDE: 38.7810191 deg. N
COLLECTION_LONGITUDE: 121.085793 deg. W
DATUM: WGS-84
ORIGINAL_DONOR: Raymond F. Kokaly, USGS
SAMPLE_DESCRIPTION:
This spectrum is the average reflectance of 20 field measurements of stacked green needles of gray pine (Pinus sabiniana). Needles were 20 cm long with papery sheath 3 cm long where the joined the branch. Needle color was light green with white striations. The needles were stripped from branches and stacked on the ground in two orthogonal layers to minimize soil background. The measurements were made at 1:30 pm local time on September 3, 2001. These spectra were made using an ASD FullRange (653) in reflectance mode, relative to a Spectralon reference panel. The bare fiber of the spectrometer was used to measure the reflectance spectra of the branch. The fiber optic cable was pointed 5 degrees off-nadir and held 6 cm away from the top of the stack and moved around the stack during the measurement. The needle stack was reshuffled once while pausing the measurements. The instrument was programmed to record 6 second averages of reflectance (thus, each recorded spectrum was an average of 60 individual measurements). An average spectrum was computed from the recorded measurements and converted to absolute reflectance by multiplying by the reflectance spectrum of the Spectralon reference panel. Other samples of gray pine were also measured at this location and are included in this spectral library, samples names: CA01-PISA-2 to CA01-PISA-3.
This spectrum was used in the following publication:
Swayze, G.A., Kokaly, R.F., Higgins, C.T., Clinkenbeard, J.P., Clark, R.N., Lowers, H.A, Sutley, and S.J., 2009,
Mapping potentially asbestos-bearing rocks using imaging spectroscopy, Geology Volume 37, pages 763-766.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/G30114A.1
IMAGE_OF_SAMPLE:
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COMPOSITIONAL_ANALYSIS_TYPE: None
COMPOSITION_DISCUSSION:
END_COMPOSITION_DISCUSSION.
TRACE_ELEMENT_ANALYSIS:
TRACE_ELEMENT_DISCUSSION:
END_TRACE_ELEMENT_DISCUSSION.
SPECTROSCOPIC_DISCUSSION:
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SPECTRAL_PURITY: 1a2_3_4_ # 1= 0.2-3, 2= 1.5-6, 3= 6-25, 4= 20-150 microns