|
DOCUMENTATION_FORMAT: Man_Made
SAMPLE_ID: WTC01-8
MATERIAL_TYPE: Fireproof coating from steel girder
MATERIAL: Fireproof coating
FORMULA: Not Available
FORMULA_HTML: Not Available
COLLECTION_LOCALITY: Debris pile west of World Trade Center Tower 1
ORIGINAL_DONOR: Gregg Swayze and Todd Hoefen
CURRENT_SAMPLE_LOCATION: U.S. Geological Survey, Denver, Colorado
ULTIMATE_SAMPLE_LOCATION: U.S. Geological Survey, Denver, Colorado
SAMPLE_DESCRIPTION: Fireproof coating from steel girder
Sample WTC01-8 was taken from a coating on a steel girder removed from the debris pile west of WTC tower 1. This sample was collected Sept. 18, 2001. The coating was very distinct having a different color and texture than the surrounding dust. A location map and details of the sample collection process are given in Roger N. Clark and others, Environmental Studies of the World Trade Center area after the September 11, 2001 attack, U.S. Geological Survey Open File Report OFR-01-0429. This report is available at http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr-01-0429/
END_SAMPLE_DESCRIPTION.
XRD_ANALYSIS:
calcite (minor), chrysotile (minor), gypsum (minor), talc (trace), anhydrite (trace), microcline (trace), rozenite (trace) In general minor = 5 - 20 wt%, trace > 5 wt%
See: Roger N. Clark and others, Environmental Studies of the World Trade Center area after the September 11, 2001 attack, U.S. Geological Survey Open File Report OFR-01-0429. This report is available at http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr-01-0429/
See also: Swayze, G.A., R.N. Clark, S.J. Sutley, T.M. Hoefen, G.S. Plumlee, G.P. Meeker, I.K. Brownfield, K.E. Livo, and L.C. Morath, 2006, Chapter 3: Spectroscopic and x-ray diffraction analyses of asbestos in the World Trade Center dust: in Urban Aerosols and Their Impacts: Lessons Learned from the World Trade Center Tragedy, J.S. Gaffney and N.A. Marley (eds.), American Chemical Society Symposium Series 919, p. 40-65.
END_XRD_ANALYSIS.
COMPOSITIONAL_ANALYSIS_TYPE: None # XRF, EPMA, ICP(Trace), WChem
COMPOSITION_TRACE: None
COMPOSITION_DISCUSSION:
END_COMPOSITION_DISCUSSION.
MICROSCOPIC_EXAMINATION:
END_MICROSCOPIC_EXAMINATION.
SPECTROSCOPIC_DISCUSSION:
Most notable in its spectrum are absorptions at 1.385 and 2.323 microns which match in position and overall shape those of chrysotile (RS Figure 3). Chrysotile is one of three serpentine minerals and the only one to form with an asbestiform crystal habit. XRD analysis and the depth of these spectral absorptions is consistent with chrysotile forming up to 20 wt% of this coating material. The position of the 2.323 micron absorption in WTC01-8 is consistent with that of chrysotile but the band width is somewhat wider possibly indicating the presence of overlapping 2.307 and 2.343 micron absorptions from dust suppressant oil.
See Roger N. Clark and others, Environmental Studies of the World Trade Center area after the September 11, 2001 attack, U.S. Geological Survey Open File Report OFR-01-0429. This report is available at http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr-01-0429/
See also: Swayze, G.A., R.N. Clark, S.J. Sutley, T.M. Hoefen, G.S. Plumlee, G.P. Meeker, I.K. Brownfield, K.E. Livo, and L.C. Morath, 2006, Chapter 3: Spectroscopic and x-ray diffraction analyses of asbestos in the World Trade Center dust: in Urban Aerosols and Their Impacts: Lessons Learned from the World Trade Center Tragedy, J.S. Gaffney and N.A. Marley (eds.), American Chemical Society Symposium Series 919, p. 40-65.
END_SPECTROSCOPIC_DISCUSSION.
SPECTRAL_PURITY: 1a2_3_4_ # 1= 0.2-3, 2= 1.5-6, 3= 6-25, 4= 20-150 microns